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Kevin Liu. Kushwant Singh , Obaid Obaid. Jeetu Jesani , Gp Rajkot at college at college. Dlelo Velempini. Show More. Views Total views. Actions Shares. No notes for slide. What is Deep foundation? What are Piles? The naming conventions may vary between engineering disciplines and firms.
Deep foundations can be made out of timber, steel, reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete. How piles are connected? There are two methods of installation : a Installation by Driving b Installation by Boring 5 6.
Driven pre-cast pile: The pile is casted in a yard brought to the site and driven by some mechanism into the soil.
Driven Cast-in-situ pile: A casing plugged at bottom is driven into the ground and then the pile is casted by removing or retaining the casing.
Bored Pre-cast pile: A bore is made and the soil inside is removed and then a pile casted in some yard is put into the bore. Bored Cast -in-situ pile: A bore is made the soil is removed and the pile is casted at site in the bore. Choosing Pile Type 7 8. Driven Pile installation 9 The description must contain sufficient detail so that the proposed driving system can be evaluated by the Engineer.
It consists of a steel ram that is guided within a set of leads. The hammer is raised to a certain height and allowed to drop on top of the pile, thus producing the driving reaction. Hammer Types 12 The difference between a gravity hammer and a single acting power hammer is that the ram striking part is encased in a steel frame work and is raised by steam or compressed air rather than by the crane load lines. The frequency of the blows is also considerably higher than a drop hammer. The ram mass is usually greater than a drop hammer and the vertical travel is usually less than that of a drop hammer.
Any type of power hammer is usually more efficient than a drop hammer because there is less time between blows for the soil to set up around the pile. When the ram approaches the top of its stroke a valve is opened into a chamber at the top of the cylinder allowing high pressure air or steam into the cylinder forcing the ram downward. Some double acting hammers utilize a light ram, operating at a high frequency, to develop the energy blows comparable to those developed by heavier, slower acting hammers.
The advantage of the lighter ram hammer is that there is less time between blows for soil to re-settle against the pile, thus increasing the driving efficiency and decreasing the drive time. The ram is raised initially by an outside power source crane and dropped. As the ram drops, it activates a fuel pump, which injects fuel into a cup in the top of the anvil. The ram continues down blocking the exhaust ports and compressing the air in the combustion chamber.
A ball on the end of the ram, mating closely with the cup in the anvil, forces the fuel into the hot compressed air between the ram and the anvil. The fuel then explodes forcing the ram up and forcing the anvil, and in turn, the pile down. They are comparatively heavy, requiring handling equipment of greater capacity than required for conventional pile hammers.
The Vibratory Hammer vibrates the pile at frequencies and amplitudes which tend to break the bond between the pile surface and the adjacent soils, thus delivering more of the developed energy to the tip of the pile. Driven Pile installation 1. Raising the piston starting 2. Injection of diesel fuel and compression 3. Impact and atomization. Exhaust 5. Scavenging 17 Raising the piston starting : For starting the diesel hammer, the piston ram is raised by means of a mechanical tripping device and is automatically released at a given height.
Injection of diesel fuel and compression: As the piston falls through the cylinders, it activates a lever on the back of the fuel pump, which injects a measured amount of diesel fuel on to the top of the impact block.
Shortly after this, the exhaust ports are closed. Driven Pile installation 3. The heat generated by the compression of air, in the presence of atomized fuel, causes the explosion of the fuel, throwing the piston upward and forcing the impact block downward against the pile. Driven Pile installation 4.
Exhaust: While moving upwards, the piston will pass and open the exhaust ports. Exhaust gases will escape and the pressure in the cylinder will equalize. Scavenging: The piston continues its upward momentum, which draws in fresh air for the nextcycle, cools the cylinders, and releases the pump lever.
The pump lever returns to its startingposition, so that the pump will again be charged with fuel. Gravity stops the upward motion of thepiston and it starts falling through the cylinders once again. Driven Pile installation 21 Driven Pile installation 22 Design of driven pile in sandy soil 23 There may also be a component of movement of the soil in the vertical direction. Driven Piles are made from preformed material having a predetermined shape and size that can be physically inspected prior to and during installation, which is installed by impact hammering, vibrating or pushing into the earth.
These may include timber, steel, or precast concrete piles. Bored Piles are cast-in-place concrete piles, meaning the pile is cast on the construction site.
Driven Pile Construction Equipment typically includes a crane, hammer, piling rig, powerpack hydraulic or air-hammer and Bored Piles typically utilise a Drill Rig, Helper Crane, Spoil Handling loader, skip pan, etc. Bored Pile Advantages. The main advantages of bored piles include:. Driven Pile Advantages. The main advantages of driven piles include:. By louise on 10th March in Company News. What are the differences between Bored Piles and Driven Piles? Material Driven Piles are made from preformed material having a predetermined shape and size that can be physically inspected prior to and during installation, which is installed by impact hammering, vibrating or pushing into the earth.
Equipment Driven Pile Construction Equipment typically includes a crane, hammer, piling rig, powerpack hydraulic or air-hammer and Bored Piles typically utilise a Drill Rig, Helper Crane, Spoil Handling loader, skip pan, etc. Bored Pile Advantages The main advantages of bored piles include: Piles of variable lengths can be extended through soft, compressible, or swelling soils into suitable bearing material.
Piles can be extended to depths below frost penetration and seasonal moisture variation. Large excavations and subsequent backfill are minimized. Less disruption to adjacent soil occurs.
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